<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:v="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml" xmlns:o="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office"><head><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml><o:OfficeDocumentSettings><o:AllowPNG/><o:PixelsPerInch>96</o:PixelsPerInch></o:OfficeDocumentSettings></xml><![endif]--></head><body><div class="ydp49a140dcyahoo-style-wrap" style="font-family:Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;font-size:16px;"><div></div>
        <div dir="ltr" data-setdir="false">Kaixo:</div><div dir="ltr" data-setdir="false"><br></div><div dir="ltr" data-setdir="false">Agian txarto interpretatu dut zuk esandakoa, baina zure mezuan hau idatzi zenuen:</div><div dir="ltr" data-setdir="false"><br></div><div dir="ltr" data-setdir="false"><<<span>esapide "zuzenetan" -era
                  baliatzen dela, eta ez zuzenetan -ese. <span>Hau da, esaldi
                  nagusian -era eta menpekoetan -ese.</span>>></span></div><div dir="ltr" data-setdir="false"><span><br></span></div><div dir="ltr" data-setdir="false"><span><br></span></div><div dir="ltr" data-setdir="false"><span>Hori, gaur egun behintzat, ez da horrela gaztelaniaz, -ra eta -se alomorfoak dira. Egia da <span><span>-ra forma latineko indikatibotik zetorrela ("amaveram") eta -se, aldiz, subjuntibotik ("amavisse"), eta horren arrastoa geratu dela zenbait </span></span>espresio formulario edo literariotan, zeinetan ez diren trukagarri. <br></span></div><div dir="ltr" data-setdir="false"><span><br></span></div><div dir="ltr" data-setdir="false"><span>Hala ere, <span><font face="Georgia" style="background-color: inherit;"><span lang="ES"><br></span></font></span></span></div><div dir="ltr" data-setdir="false"><span><span><font face="Georgia" style="background-color: inherit;"><span lang="ES"><br></span></font></span></span></div><div dir="ltr" data-setdir="false"><i><span><span><font face="Georgia" style="background-color: inherit;"><span lang="ES">La reducción en el uso de una de estas 
formas a favor de la otra en la lengua hablada es, con toda probabilidad, uno de 
los factores que han motivado en algunos autores el querer ver diferencias de 
matiz significativo entre cantara y cantase, diferencias 
completamente imaginarias de acuerdo con el funcionamiento del sistema verbal 
español actual.»</span></font></span></span></i></div><div dir="ltr" data-setdir="false"><i><span><span><font face="Georgia" style="background-color: inherit;"><span lang="ES"><br></span></font></span></span></i></div><div dir="ltr" data-setdir="false"><span><span><font face="Georgia" style="background-color: inherit;"><span lang="ES">[Rojo, G. y Veiga, A.: “El tiempo verbal. Los tiempos simples”. 
En: Bosque, I. / Demonte, V. (eds.): <i>Gramática descriptiva de la lengua 
español</i>a. Madrid: Espasa Calpe, 1999, § 44.3.2]</span></font></span><br></span></div><div dir="ltr" data-setdir="false"><span><br></span></div><div dir="ltr" data-setdir="false"><span>Lavinek egokien deritzon moduan itzul ditzake gaztelaniara Leizarragaren eta Axularren adizki zaharrak, baina horrek ez du gaztelaniaren gaur egungo errealitatea islatzen. <br></span></div><div dir="ltr" data-setdir="false"><span><br></span></div><div dir="ltr" data-setdir="false"><span>Edozelan ere, esan nuen bezala, hori adibide anekdotiko bat baino ez zen ideia zabalago bat ilustratzeko.<br></span></div><div dir="ltr" data-setdir="false"><span><br></span></div><div dir="ltr" data-setdir="false"><span>Ondo izan.<br></span></div><div dir="ltr" data-setdir="false"><span><br></span></div><div dir="ltr" data-setdir="false"><span>ana m.<br></span></div><div><br></div>
        
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                        En domingo, 14 de julio de 2024, 01:46:07 CEST, Mikel <musdeh@gmail.com> escribió:
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    <p>Gabon</p>
    <p>Ez, ez, nik ez nuen esaten esaldi nagusikoa zuzena den eta
      menpeko esaldikoa ez-zuzena denik. Biak dira zuzenak, baina ez
      dira berdin hautatzen, nire ustez, RAEk nahi duena esaten badu
      ere. Zure adibideak ez dit asko balio, (No por mucho madrugar...)
      atsotitza denez gero, eta gainera ez ditu direlako forma horiek
      aipatzen (Zure bi aldaerak gauza desberdinak direlakoan nago;
      ordenak garrantzia du...).<br clear="none">
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    <p>Baina, hara gaur beste zerbait aurkitu dut Zuzeun: Josu Lavinek
      Axularren aditza garatzen dihardu, eta honako adizki hauek paratu
      ditu:</p>
    <p>1 Aoristoa:<br clear="none">
      eguin baledi<br clear="none">
      : si se hiciera (eta eguin liteque)</p>
    <p>2 Imperfectua:<br clear="none">
      eguiten baliz<br clear="none">
      : si se hiciese (baina ez da eguiten)</p>
    <p>3 Prospectivoa:<br clear="none">
      eguingo baliz<br clear="none">
      : si se hiciese (baina ez da eguinen)</p>
    <p></p>
    <p>Orain falta zaiguna, "egin baledi", "egiten balitz" eta "egingo
      balitz"  ongi bereizten jakitea... zeren eta Lavinek desberdintzat
      itzultzen baititu... hiciera eta hiciese...</p>
    <p>Ez dira forma oso erabiliak gaur egun, baina geratzen diren
      adibide ezagunetan aldea nabari daitekeela uste dut.<br clear="none">
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    <p>Ongi izan<br clear="none">
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    <div id="ydpb6710e36yiv8641280134yqt29907" class="ydpb6710e36yiv8641280134yqt6824677362"><div class="ydpb6710e36yiv8641280134moz-cite-prefix">On 10/7/24 11:37, Ana Morales ,
      ItzuL-en bidez wrote:<br clear="none">
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        <div dir="ltr">Egun on, Mikel:</div>
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        <div dir="ltr">RAEren gramatikaren arabera,
          Europako gaztelanian biak dira baliokideak eta parekoak,
          jatorriak jatorri. Ez dago zuzen (esaldi nagusi) / ez-zuzen
          (menpeko esaldi) bereizketarik.</div>
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        <div dir="ltr"> <a shape="rect" href="https://www.rae.es/gram%c3%a1tica/sintaxis/los-tiempos-del-subjuntivo-ii--el-pret%C3%A9rito-imperfecto-cantara-o-cantase-y-el-pret%C3%A9rito-pluscuamperfecto-hubiera-o-hubiese-cantado#24.2j" class="ydpb6710e36yiv8641280134enhancr_card_0694868392" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Los
            tiempos del subjuntivo (II). El pretérito imperfecto
            (cantara o cantase) y el pretérito pluscuamperfecto (hubiera
            o hubiese cantado) | Nueva gramática de la lengua española</a>:</div>
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                                    <h2 style="font-size:14px;line-height:19px;margin:0px 0px 6px;font-family:YahooSans VF, YahooSans, OpenSans VF, Helvetica Neue, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;color:rgb(29, 34, 40);max-width:314px;" class="ydpb6710e36yiv8641280134ydp2633f46acard-title">Los
                                      tiempos del subjuntivo (II). El
                                      pretérito imperfecto (cantara o
                                      can...</h2>
                                    <p style="font-size:12px;line-height:16px;margin:0px;color:rgb(151, 158, 168);" class="ydpb6710e36yiv8641280134ydp2633f46acard-description">Capítulo
                                      «Los tiempos del subjuntivo (II).
                                      El pretérito imperfecto (cantara o
                                      cantase) y el pretérito
                                      pluscuamp...</p>
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          <span></span><br clear="none">
          <span></span>Beste kontu bat da esamolde eginetan forma bat
          edo bestea hormatu izana, eta halakoetan formak normalean
          trukagarriak ez izatea, baina hori edozein ezaugarrirekin
          gertatzen da (aditz denborekin, lexikoarekin, hitz
          ordenarekin...): "No por mucho madrugar amanece más temprano"
          esaten dugu, eta ez "Por madrugar mucho, no clarea más
          temprano", nahiz eta biak zuzenak izan.</div>
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        <div dir="ltr">Bestalde, adierazi gura
          genuenerako, beste adibide asko eman daitezke: "quizá" eta
          "quizás" bikotea, esaterako. <br clear="none">
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        <div dir="ltr">Ondo izan.</div>
        <div dir="ltr"><br clear="none">
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        <div dir="ltr">ana m.<br clear="none">
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          <div> En miércoles, 3 de julio de 2024, 22:08:23 CEST, Mikel
            <a shape="rect" href="mailto:musdeh@gmail.com" class="ydpb6710e36yiv8641280134moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><musdeh@gmail.com></a> escribió: </div>
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                <p>Gaiaz landa:<br clear="none">
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                <p>Gaztelaniazko hiciera/hiciese bikotea dela eta, uste
                  dut esan beharra dagoela desberdinak zirela, edo izan
                  zirela, haien artean ñabardura bat badela, nahiz eta
                  hizkuntzaren eboluzioaren (eta deseboluzioaren...)
                  ondorioz desberdintzen ez dakigun arren. Eta
                  baliokideak direla irakasten den arren, orain hainbat
                  hamarkadatik hona.<br clear="none">
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                <p>Izan ere, uste dut gutxienez estatistikoki ez direla
                  berdin erabiltzen, eta ez ohituragatik, esanahiengatik
                  baizik; iruditzen zait esapide "zuzenetan" -era
                  baliatzen dela, eta ez zuzenetan -ese. Hau da, esaldi
                  nagusian -era eta menpekoetan -ese. Adibide niretzat
                  argia: "fuera como fuese" (eta ez aldrebes "fuese como
                  fuera"). "Quisiera ser tan alto como la luna" baina ez
                  "quisiese ser tan alto...". "Quién pudiera verlo!"
                  baina eta "quien pudiese verlo"...</p>
                <p>Kontrako adibiderik? Nire jakinmina asetzearren...<br clear="none">
                </p>
                <p>Mila esker<br clear="none">
                </p>
                <div class="ydpb6710e36yiv8641280134ydp90a30862yiv4905402902moz-cite-prefix">24/6/26
                  12:18(e)an, Ana Morales , ItzuL-en bidez igorleak
                  idatzi zuen:<br clear="none">
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                    <div dir="ltr">Xabier Aristegieta, guztiz bat nator
                      zurekin. Bikain azaldu duzu, adibide eta argumentu
                      ezin egokiagoekin. Askotan etorri zait burura
                      gaztelaniazko "hiciera/hiciese" ren adibide hori,
                      eta barre egin dut neure artean pentsatzean <i>variatio</i>
                      estilistiko horrek ez lukeela pasatuko euskaldun
                      zenbaiten zuzentasun galbahea.</div>
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                    <div dir="ltr">Mila esker.</div>
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                    <div dir="ltr">Ana Morales<br clear="none">
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                      <div> En viernes, 21 de junio de 2024, 12:31:34
                        CEST, Xabier Aristegieta <a shape="rect" href="mailto:allurritza@gmail.com" class="ydpb6710e36yiv8641280134ydp90a30862yiv4905402902moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><allurritza@gmail.com></a>
                        escribió: </div>
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                          <div>
                            <div dir="ltr">Eskerrik asko
                              erantzuteagatik.
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                              </div>
                              <div>Baldin "honako (+izena) + a" egitura
                                gramatikala bada, eta kataforetarako
                                erabili ere erabili egiten bada, nik ez
                                dut ulertzen zerk behartzen duen
                                kataforetarako aukera zilegitzat bakar
                                bat aurkeztera. "Honako hau" gehiago
                                erabiltzen dela? Primeran. Eta zer?
                                Horrek inola ere behartzen al du
                                "honakoa da" baztertzera? </div>
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                              </div>
                              <div>Horren antzera, zeren egin baitu /
                                zeren egin duen egituren artean bat
                                bakarra aukeratzen ibili beharko genuke,
                                edo "-gatik" atzizkiaren eta "-en
                                kariaz" espresioaren artean, edo
                                gaztelaniaz "hiciera/hiciese" bikotetik
                                bakarra hartu beharko litzateke
                                ontzat... eta abar eta abar.</div>
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                              </div>
                              <div>Laburbilduz: ez dudala ikusten zer
                                duen txarretik gauzak esateko modu
                                desberdinak egoteak, "inausketa" bat
                                egitera behartuko lukeenik.</div>
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                              </div>
                              <div>Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegiak berariaz
                                esanda uzten du "honako"rekin batera
                                "artikulua edo erakusle bat" agertzen
                                dela. Egia da jarraian ematen dituen
                                adibide guztiak erakusledunak direla.
                                Baina zenbat aldiz ez ote zaigu esan
                                hizlari bikainen hizkerari behar zaiola
                                erreparatu, eta ez halamoduzkoenari? Utz
                                ditzagun alde batera Googleko bilaketa
                                batek eskaintzen dizkigun askotariko
                                emaitzak, eta jo dezagun zuzen-zuzenean
                                euskaltzainen hizkerara. </div>
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                              </div>
                              <div>Har dezagun "Euskararen Gramatika".
                                Euskaltzainek idatzia. Onartzen badugu
                                bitxi askoa litzatekeela nork eta
                                euskaltzainek zeri eta gramatikari buruz
                                idatzitako lan oparo batean zer eta "ez
                                erabiltzeko" moduko espresioak
                                erabiltzea, nire ustez ezinezkoa da
                                honakoak bezalako espresioei (ez ditut
                                adibide guztiak ekarri, batzuk baizik)
                                oztoporik txikiena jartzea (dela
                                gaitzetsiz, dela ez erabiltzeko
                                gomendatuz):</div>
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                              </div>
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                                  <div><i>Hizkuntzalariek honako
                                      bereizketak azpimarratu dituzte
                                      flexio morfemen eta eratorpen
                                      morfemen artean:  (M. Azkarate)  </i></div>
                                </blockquote>
                                <blockquote style="margin:0px 0px 0px 40px;border-width:medium;border-style:none;border-color:currentcolor;padding:0px;">
                                  <div><i>Zehazki, honako azpisailak
                                      bereiziko ditugu: (M. Azkarate)</i></div>
                                </blockquote>
                                <blockquote style="margin:0px 0px 0px 40px;border-width:medium;border-style:none;border-color:currentcolor;padding:0px;">
                                  <div><i>Mota honetakotzat hartu zituen
                                      Euskaltzaindiak honakoak: (M.
                                      Azkarate)</i></div>
                                </blockquote>
                                <blockquote style="margin:0px 0px 0px 40px;border-width:medium;border-style:none;border-color:currentcolor;padding:0px;">
                                  <div><i>Berrelkarketaren adibide dira
                                      honako izen elkartuak: (M.
                                      Azkarate)</i></div>
                                </blockquote>
                                <blockquote style="margin:0px 0px 0px 40px;border-width:medium;border-style:none;border-color:currentcolor;padding:0px;">
                                  <div><i>Aposizio ez-murrizgarriak dira
                                      honakoak:   (M. Azkarate)</i></div>
                                </blockquote>
                                <blockquote style="margin:0px 0px 0px 40px;border-width:medium;border-style:none;border-color:currentcolor;padding:0px;">
                                  <div><i>Horregatik, honako sailkapena
                                      dakargu: (J. Garzia)  </i></div>
                                </blockquote>
                                <blockquote style="margin:0px 0px 0px 40px;border-width:medium;border-style:none;border-color:currentcolor;padding:0px;">
                                  <div><i> Azpian ditugun perpausak
                                      honakook dira: (P. Salaburu)</i></div>
                                </blockquote>
                                <blockquote style="margin:0px 0px 0px 40px;border-width:medium;border-style:none;border-color:currentcolor;padding:0px;">
                                  <div><i> Orobat, honako perpaus
                                      pareetan ere paralelotasuna ongi
                                      ikusten ahal dugu:  (P.Salaburu)</i></div>
                                </blockquote>
                                <blockquote style="margin:0px 0px 0px 40px;border-width:medium;border-style:none;border-color:currentcolor;padding:0px;">
                                  <div><i> Perpaus hauetako lehenak,
                                      izatekotan ere, honako esanahia
                                      izango luke, gutxi gorabehera: (P.
                                      Salaburu)</i></div>
                                </blockquote>
                                <blockquote style="margin:0px 0px 0px 40px;border-width:medium;border-style:none;border-color:currentcolor;padding:0px;">
                                  <div><i> Eta horrela, honako
                                      adibideetan erakusten den bezala,
                                      ezkerreko egituratik eskuinekora
                                      pasa gaitezke arazorik gabe:  (P.
                                      Salaburu)</i></div>
                                </blockquote>
                                <blockquote style="margin:0px 0px 0px 40px;border-width:medium;border-style:none;border-color:currentcolor;padding:0px;">
                                  <div><i> Bigarren graduko erakuslea
                                      honako esapideetan ere erabil
                                      daiteke, bai horixe! edo horixe
                                      baietz! noski-ren baliokide
                                      direnak:  (P. Salaburu)</i></div>
                                </blockquote>
                                <blockquote style="margin:0px 0px 0px 40px;border-width:medium;border-style:none;border-color:currentcolor;padding:0px;">
                                  <div><i> Har ditzagun honako perpaus
                                      bikoteak: B. Oyharçabal, J. Garzia
                                      eta M. Azkarate)</i></div>
                                </blockquote>
                                <blockquote style="margin:0px 0px 0px 40px;border-width:medium;border-style:none;border-color:currentcolor;padding:0px;">
                                  <div><i> Honakoa izango litzateke ba-
                                      aurrizkia erabiliz osatzen diren
                                      baldintzazko perpausen laburpen
                                      taula aldiaren eta aspektu
                                      markaren arabera: (I. Amundarain)</i></div>
                                </blockquote>
                                <blockquote style="margin:0px 0px 0px 40px;border-width:medium;border-style:none;border-color:currentcolor;padding:0px;">
                                  <div><i> Ikus, hala ere, honako
                                      testuak: (J. A. Mujika)</i></div>
                                </blockquote>
                                <blockquote style="margin:0px 0px 0px 40px;border-width:medium;border-style:none;border-color:currentcolor;padding:0px;">
                                  <div><i>Mendeko perpausei begiratuz
                                      honakoak ulertuko genituzke: (I.
                                      Amundarain)</i></div>
                                </blockquote>
                              </blockquote>
                              <blockquote style="margin:0px 0px 0px 40px;border-width:medium;border-style:none;border-color:currentcolor;padding:0px;">
                                <blockquote style="margin:0px 0px 0px 40px;border-width:medium;border-style:none;border-color:currentcolor;padding:0px;"><br clear="none">
                                </blockquote>
                              </blockquote>
                              <div>Ondo izan.<br clear="none">
                              </div>
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                              </div>
                              <div>Xabier Aristegieta</div>
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                            <div class="ydpb6710e36yiv8641280134ydp90a30862yiv4905402902ydp80546aebyiv9592889423gmail_quote">
                              <div dir="ltr" class="ydpb6710e36yiv8641280134ydp90a30862yiv4905402902ydp80546aebyiv9592889423gmail_attr">Hau
                                idatzi du IVAP, Itzultzaile Zerbitzu
                                Ofiziala (<a shape="rect" href="mailto:izo@ivap.eus" class="ydpb6710e36yiv8641280134ydp90a30862yiv4905402902moz-txt-link-abbreviated ydpb6710e36yiv8641280134moz-txt-link-freetext" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">izo@ivap.eus</a>)
                                erabiltzaileak (2024 eka. 21(a), or.
                                (10:03)):<br clear="none">
                              </div>
                              <div id="ydpb6710e36yiv8641280134ydp90a30862yiv4905402902ydp80546aebyiv9592889423yqt12270" class="ydpb6710e36yiv8641280134ydp90a30862yiv4905402902ydp80546aebyiv9592889423yqt9445718396">
                                <blockquote style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex;" class="ydpb6710e36yiv8641280134ydp90a30862yiv4905402902ydp80546aebyiv9592889423gmail_quote">
                                  <div class="ydpb6710e36yiv8641280134ydp90a30862yiv4905402902ydp80546aebyiv9592889423msg-1153660437237944990">
                                    <div lang="EU">
                                      <div class="ydpb6710e36yiv8641280134ydp90a30862yiv4905402902ydp80546aebyiv9592889423m_-1153660437237944990WordSection1">
                                        <p class="ydpb6710e36yiv8641280134ydp90a30862yiv4905402902ydp80546aebyiv9592889423MsoNormal"><span style="color:rgb(31,73,125);"> </span></p>
                                        <p style="margin-bottom:8pt;text-indent:35.4pt;line-height:105%;" class="ydpb6710e36yiv8641280134ydp90a30862yiv4905402902ydp80546aebyiv9592889423MsoNormal"> <span>Eskerrik
                                            asko zure oharrengatik,
                                            Xabier. Gure
                                            irizpide-bildumaren testua
                                            eguneratzeko 2023an egindako
                                            bileretako aktetan jasoa
                                            dugu, hitzez hitz, “leundu
                                            idazkera” zuk aipatzen duzun
                                            puntu horretan; alegia, geuk
                                            ere gogortxo jo genuela
                                            “erabat okerra” hori, eta
                                            “ez erabiltzeko gomendioa”
                                            edo horrelako zerbait
                                            egokiagoa iruditzen
                                            zitzaigula. Baina leuntzea
                                            ahaztu.</span></p>
                                        <p style="margin-bottom:8pt;text-indent:35.4pt;line-height:105%;" class="ydpb6710e36yiv8641280134ydp90a30862yiv4905402902ydp80546aebyiv9592889423MsoNormal"> <span>Egia
                                            da, bestalde, kanpoan
                                            ikusgai jarri dugun
                                            dokumentu hori, berez,
                                            barruko batasuna bermatzeko
                                            tresna dela, izan ere,
                                            funtsean.</span></p>
                                        <p style="margin-bottom:8pt;text-indent:35.4pt;line-height:105%;" class="ydpb6710e36yiv8641280134ydp90a30862yiv4905402902ydp80546aebyiv9592889423MsoNormal"> <span>Gure
                                            eguneroko lanean,
                                            Euskaltzaindiak dioenetik
                                            harago joan behar dugu, gure
                                            joko-eremua diferentea
                                            delako, alde askotatik. Eta
                                            zer dio Euskaltzaindiaren
                                            Hiztegiak?</span></p>
                                        <p style="margin-left:35.4pt;background-color:white;background-repeat:repeat;background-attachment:scroll;background-image:none;background-size:auto;" class="ydpb6710e36yiv8641280134ydp90a30862yiv4905402902ydp80546aebyiv9592889423MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Tahoma, sans-serif;color:rgb(51,51,51);">honako</span></b></p>
                                        <p style="margin-left:35.4pt;background-color:white;background-repeat:repeat;background-attachment:scroll;background-image:none;background-size:auto;" class="ydpb6710e36yiv8641280134ydp90a30862yiv4905402902ydp80546aebyiv9592889423MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Tahoma, sans-serif;color:rgb(51,51,51);">1</span></b><span style="font-size:10pt;color:rgb(51,51,51);"> </span><i><span style="font-size:10pt;color:blue;">hona</span></i><span style="font-size:10pt;color:blue;">-ri dagokion izenlaguna. </span><i><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Cambria, serif;color:rgb(51,51,51);">Bilbotik
                                              honakoa, hamar euro</span></i><span style="font-size:10pt;color:rgb(51,51,51);">. </span><i><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Cambria, serif;color:rgb(51,51,51);">Noizik
                                              honakoa da eliza hau?</span></i><span style="font-size:10pt;color:rgb(51,51,51);"></span></p>
                                        <p style="margin-left:35.4pt;background-color:white;background-repeat:repeat;background-attachment:scroll;background-image:none;background-size:auto;" class="ydpb6710e36yiv8641280134ydp90a30862yiv4905402902ydp80546aebyiv9592889423MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Tahoma, sans-serif;color:rgb(51,51,51);">2</span></b><span style="font-size:10pt;color:rgb(51,51,51);"> </span><b><span style="font-size:10pt;color:rgb(68,68,68);">adj.</span></b><span style="font-size:10pt;color:rgb(51,51,51);"> </span><span style="font-size:10pt;color:blue;">Hau, hemengo hau. </span><span style="font-size:10pt;color:rgb(51,51,51);">(</span><span style="font-size:10pt;color:rgb(102,102,102);">Dagokion izen sintagmaren
                                            ezkerrean ezartzen da,
                                            artikuluak edo erakusle
                                            batek, gehienetan <i>hau</i>-k,
                                            mugatzen duela sintagma</span><span style="font-size:10pt;color:rgb(51,51,51);">).</span><i><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Cambria, serif;color:rgb(51,51,51);">Honako
                                              adibide hau jarri zuen</span></i><span style="font-size:10pt;color:rgb(51,51,51);">. </span><i><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Cambria, serif;color:rgb(51,51,51);">Jaiotzez
                                              nafarra zelako hizkuntzaz,
                                              honako idazle hau bezalaxe</span></i><span style="font-size:10pt;color:rgb(51,51,51);">. </span><i><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Cambria, serif;color:rgb(51,51,51);">Ez
                                              dira giputzak jendetasunik
                                              gabeko pertsonak; zerbait
                                              badira, malguagoak eta
                                              diplomaziara emanagoak
                                              dira, honako hau bezala</span></i><span style="font-size:10pt;color:rgb(51,51,51);">. </span><i><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Cambria, serif;color:rgb(51,51,51);">Ez
                                              uste musu truk nabilenik
                                              honako honetan</span></i><span style="font-size:10pt;color:rgb(51,51,51);">. </span><i><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Cambria, serif;color:rgb(51,51,51);">Hor
                                              aurkitzen da honako
                                              idazlan hau, beste
                                              zenbaiten artean: Herbert
                                              Pilch, "Le bilinguisme au
                                              Pays de Galles"</span></i><span style="font-size:10pt;color:rgb(51,51,51);">. </span><i><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Cambria, serif;color:rgb(51,51,51);">X
                                              jaunak, adibidez, honako
                                              hitz harrigarri hauek
                                              ezarri ditu bere azken
                                              liburuan</span></i><span style="font-size:10pt;color:rgb(51,51,51);">. </span><i><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Cambria, serif;color:rgb(51,51,51);">Euskalki
                                              horretan, honako
                                              Leizarragaren esaldi honek
                                              ez du itzulpen zuzenik</span></i><span style="font-size:10pt;color:rgb(51,51,51);">.</span></p>
                                        <p style="background-color:white;background-repeat:repeat;background-attachment:scroll;background-image:none;background-size:auto;" class="ydpb6710e36yiv8641280134ydp90a30862yiv4905402902ydp80546aebyiv9592889423MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10pt;color:rgb(51,51,51);"> </span></p>
                                        <p style="margin-bottom:8pt;line-height:105%;" class="ydpb6710e36yiv8641280134ydp90a30862yiv4905402902ydp80546aebyiv9592889423MsoNormal"><span>Zazpi
                                            adibide, eta </span><span lang="CA">zazpietan</span><span>
                                            erakuslea, bat ere ez
                                            artikuluarekin. Eta badakigu
                                            adibideak tentu handiz
                                            aukeratuta daudela, eta
                                            erabilera estandarrerako
                                            erakusbide direla.</span></p>
                                        <p style="margin-bottom:8pt;line-height:105%;" class="ydpb6710e36yiv8641280134ydp90a30862yiv4905402902ydp80546aebyiv9592889423MsoNormal"><span>Bide
                                            beretik Jagonet zerbitzua:</span></p>
                                        <p style="margin-bottom:8pt;line-height:105%;" class="ydpb6710e36yiv8641280134ydp90a30862yiv4905402902ydp80546aebyiv9592889423MsoNormal"><span lang="CA"><a shape="rect" href="https://www.euskaltzaindia.eus/index.php?option=com_jagonet&task=galdera&Itemid=1716&lang=eu&id=182" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><span style="font-family:Arial, sans-serif;">https://www.euskaltzaindia.eus/index.php?option=com_jagonet&task=galdera&Itemid=1716&lang=eu&id=182</span></a></span><span></span></p>
                                        <p class="ydpb6710e36yiv8641280134ydp90a30862yiv4905402902ydp80546aebyiv9592889423MsoNormal"><span>Erreferentziazko
                                            lan honi begira jarri ginen:
                                            “Katafora-esapideak
                                            bateratzeko bidean”, Juan
                                            Garzia Garmendia, Euskara
                                            Zerbitzua. Baliagarria
                                            iruditu zitzaigun, eta,
                                            egilearen berme sendoak
                                            akuilatuta, proposamena
                                            egitea erabaki genuen.</span></p>
                                        <p class="ydpb6710e36yiv8641280134ydp90a30862yiv4905402902ydp80546aebyiv9592889423MsoNormal"><span> </span></p>
                                        <p class="ydpb6710e36yiv8641280134ydp90a30862yiv4905402902ydp80546aebyiv9592889423MsoNormal"><span>Kontuan
                                            hartuko dugu zure ekarpena.</span></p>
                                        <p class="ydpb6710e36yiv8641280134ydp90a30862yiv4905402902ydp80546aebyiv9592889423MsoNormal"><span> </span></p>
                                        <p class="ydpb6710e36yiv8641280134ydp90a30862yiv4905402902ydp80546aebyiv9592889423MsoNormal"><span>IZOko
                                            Itzulpen eta Berrikusketa
                                            Irizpideen Lantaldea.</span></p>
                                        <p class="ydpb6710e36yiv8641280134ydp90a30862yiv4905402902ydp80546aebyiv9592889423MsoNormal"><span style="color:rgb(31,73,125);"> </span></p>
                                        <p class="ydpb6710e36yiv8641280134ydp90a30862yiv4905402902ydp80546aebyiv9592889423MsoNormal"><span style="color:rgb(31,73,125);"> </span></p>
                                        <div style="border-right:none;border-bottom:none;border-left:none;border-top:1pt solid rgb(225,225,225);padding:3pt 0cm 0cm;">
                                          <p class="ydpb6710e36yiv8641280134ydp90a30862yiv4905402902ydp80546aebyiv9592889423MsoNormal"><b>From:</b>
                                            Xabier Aristegieta <<a shape="rect" href="mailto:allurritza@gmail.com" class="ydpb6710e36yiv8641280134ydp90a30862yiv4905402902moz-txt-link-freetext ydpb6710e36yiv8641280134moz-txt-link-freetext" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">allurritza@gmail.com</a>>
                                            <br clear="none">
                                            <b>Sent:</b> Wednesday, June
                                            19, 2024 5:33 PM<br clear="none">
                                            <b>To:</b> ItzuL <<a shape="rect" href="mailto:itzul@postaria.com" class="ydpb6710e36yiv8641280134ydp90a30862yiv4905402902moz-txt-link-freetext ydpb6710e36yiv8641280134moz-txt-link-freetext" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">itzul@postaria.com</a>><br clear="none">
                                            <b>Subject:</b> [itzul]
                                            "Honako legea"</p>
                                        </div>
                                        <p class="ydpb6710e36yiv8641280134ydp90a30862yiv4905402902ydp80546aebyiv9592889423MsoNormal"> </p>
                                        <div>
                                          <p class="ydpb6710e36yiv8641280134ydp90a30862yiv4905402902ydp80546aebyiv9592889423MsoNormal">IVAPek
                                            argitaratu berri duen
                                            "Itzulpen- eta
                                            berrikusketa-irizpideak.
                                            Erabakiak eta gomendioak"
                                            dokumentuan, ezin bipilago
                                            esaten da ezen, zentzu
                                            kataforikoa adierazteko,
                                            "erabat okerra" dela <i>honako
                                              (+ izena) + mugatzailea </i>egitura.
                                            Eskaintzen dituen adibide
                                            hauetakoa, alegia:</p>
                                          <div>
                                            <p class="ydpb6710e36yiv8641280134ydp90a30862yiv4905402902ydp80546aebyiv9592889423MsoNormal"> </p>
                                          </div>
                                          <div>
                                            <p class="ydpb6710e36yiv8641280134ydp90a30862yiv4905402902ydp80546aebyiv9592889423MsoNormal"><i>*(...)
                                                Errege Dekretua, (...), <b><u>honako </u></b>errege-dekretu<b><u>a</u></b> aldatzen
                                                duena</i></p>
                                          </div>
                                          <div>
                                            <p class="ydpb6710e36yiv8641280134ydp90a30862yiv4905402902ydp80546aebyiv9592889423MsoNormal"><i>*Gorte
                                                Nagusiek <b><u>honako </u></b>lege<b><u>a</u></b> onetsi
                                                dutela eta nik berretsi
                                                egiten dudala.</i></p>
                                          </div>
                                          <div>
                                            <p class="ydpb6710e36yiv8641280134ydp90a30862yiv4905402902ydp80546aebyiv9592889423MsoNormal"> </p>
                                          </div>
                                          <div>
                                            <p class="ydpb6710e36yiv8641280134ydp90a30862yiv4905402902ydp80546aebyiv9592889423MsoNormal">Halaber
                                              esaten da ezen, "honako"
                                              erabiliz gero, izenaren
                                              ondoren "hau/hauek"
                                              erakuslea behar dela
                                              nahitaez erabili. Alegia,
                                              goiko adibideetan "honako
                                              errege-dekretu hau" eta
                                              "honako lege hau" erabili
                                              beharko zirela.</p>
                                          </div>
                                          <div>
                                            <p class="ydpb6710e36yiv8641280134ydp90a30862yiv4905402902ydp80546aebyiv9592889423MsoNormal"> </p>
                                          </div>
                                          <div>
                                            <p class="ydpb6710e36yiv8641280134ydp90a30862yiv4905402902ydp80546aebyiv9592889423MsoNormal">Gaitzespen
                                              horrek txundituta utzi
                                              nau.</p>
                                          </div>
                                          <div>
                                            <p class="ydpb6710e36yiv8641280134ydp90a30862yiv4905402902ydp80546aebyiv9592889423MsoNormal"> </p>
                                          </div>
                                          <div>
                                            <p class="ydpb6710e36yiv8641280134ydp90a30862yiv4905402902ydp80546aebyiv9592889423MsoNormal">Batetik,
                                              ez dudalako ikusten
                                              gramatikako zer arrazoik
                                              debekatzen duen "honako"
                                              den izenlagun horrek zeri
                                              lagun egitea eta jarraian
                                              mugatzailearekin doan izen
                                              bati. Beraz, ez dirudi
                                              gaitzespenaren arrazoia
                                              gramatikala denik.</p>
                                          </div>
                                          <div>
                                            <p class="ydpb6710e36yiv8641280134ydp90a30862yiv4905402902ydp80546aebyiv9592889423MsoNormal"> </p>
                                          </div>
                                          <div>
                                            <p class="ydpb6710e36yiv8641280134ydp90a30862yiv4905402902ydp80546aebyiv9592889423MsoNormal">Bestetik, <i>honako+izena+mugatzailea </i>egituraren
                                              erabilera <i>honako+izena+erakuslea </i>egiturarena<i> </i>bezain
                                              ugaria ez izateak ez
                                              diolako ezer kentzen
                                              egituraren zuzentasunari.
                                              Bidenabar esanda: nahi
                                              duenak Googlen bilaketa
                                              egin dezake, esate
                                              baterako "honakoa"ri
                                              esan/erantzun/entzun/ikusi...
                                              aditzak gehituta (<i>honakoa
                                                esan</i>, <i>honakoa
                                                entzun</i>, eta abar)
                                              eta emaitza polit askoak
                                              aurki ditzake.</p>
                                          </div>
                                          <div>
                                            <p class="ydpb6710e36yiv8641280134ydp90a30862yiv4905402902ydp80546aebyiv9592889423MsoNormal"> </p>
                                          </div>
                                          <div>
                                            <p class="ydpb6710e36yiv8641280134ydp90a30862yiv4905402902ydp80546aebyiv9592889423MsoNormal">Eta
                                              Euskaltzaindiak? Zer dio
                                              "honako esaldia"ren
                                              tankerakoez?</p>
                                          </div>
                                          <div>
                                            <p class="ydpb6710e36yiv8641280134ydp90a30862yiv4905402902ydp80546aebyiv9592889423MsoNormal"> </p>
                                          </div>
                                          <div>
                                            <p class="ydpb6710e36yiv8641280134ydp90a30862yiv4905402902ydp80546aebyiv9592889423MsoNormal">Euskaltzaindiaren
                                              Hiztegian "honako"
                                              begiratuta, ikus zer dioen
                                              bigarren adieran: </p>
                                          </div>
                                          <div>
                                            <p class="ydpb6710e36yiv8641280134ydp90a30862yiv4905402902ydp80546aebyiv9592889423MsoNormal"> </p>
                                          </div>
                                          <blockquote style="margin:5pt 0cm 5pt 30pt;">
                                            <div>
                                              <p class="ydpb6710e36yiv8641280134ydp90a30862yiv4905402902ydp80546aebyiv9592889423MsoNormal"><span class="ydpb6710e36yiv8641280134ydp90a30862yiv4905402902ydp80546aebyiv9592889423m_-1153660437237944990gmail-sense-n">2</span> <span class="ydpb6710e36yiv8641280134ydp90a30862yiv4905402902ydp80546aebyiv9592889423m_-1153660437237944990gmail-laburdura-pos">adj.</span><span class="ydpb6710e36yiv8641280134ydp90a30862yiv4905402902ydp80546aebyiv9592889423m_-1153660437237944990gmail-defgrp"> </span><span class="ydpb6710e36yiv8641280134ydp90a30862yiv4905402902ydp80546aebyiv9592889423m_-1153660437237944990gmail-def">Hau,
                                                  hemengo hau. </span><span class="ydpb6710e36yiv8641280134ydp90a30862yiv4905402902ydp80546aebyiv9592889423m_-1153660437237944990gmail-notehb-outer">(</span><span class="ydpb6710e36yiv8641280134ydp90a30862yiv4905402902ydp80546aebyiv9592889423m_-1153660437237944990gmail-notehb">Dagokion
                                                  izen sintagmaren
                                                  ezkerrean ezartzen da,
                                                  artikuluak edo
                                                  erakusle batek,
                                                  gehienetan <i>hau</i>-k,
                                                  mugatzen duela
                                                  sintagma</span><span class="ydpb6710e36yiv8641280134ydp90a30862yiv4905402902ydp80546aebyiv9592889423m_-1153660437237944990gmail-notehb-outer">). </span></p>
                                            </div>
                                          </blockquote>
                                          <div>
                                            <p class="ydpb6710e36yiv8641280134ydp90a30862yiv4905402902ydp80546aebyiv9592889423MsoNormal"> </p>
                                          </div>
                                          <div>
                                            <p class="ydpb6710e36yiv8641280134ydp90a30862yiv4905402902ydp80546aebyiv9592889423MsoNormal">Irakurri
                                              duzue, ezta? "<b><u>ARTIKULU </u></b>edo
                                              erakusle batek, <i>gehienetan
                                                hau</i>-k [azken
                                              zertzelada hori ez du
                                              inork zalantzan jartzen],
                                              mugatzen duela sintagma"</p>
                                          </div>
                                          <div>
                                            <p class="ydpb6710e36yiv8641280134ydp90a30862yiv4905402902ydp80546aebyiv9592889423MsoNormal"> </p>
                                          </div>
                                          <div>
                                            <p class="ydpb6710e36yiv8641280134ydp90a30862yiv4905402902ydp80546aebyiv9592889423MsoNormal">Halaber,
                                              bururatu zait
                                              Euskaltzaindiaren
                                              "Euskararen Gramatika"n
                                              "honakoa" edo "honako +
                                              izena + mugatzailea"
                                              zenbat aldiz agertzen den
                                              bilatzea. Erantzuna:
                                              bederatzi aldiz. Nork eta
                                              Euskaltzaindiak zertaz eta
                                              Euskararen Gramatikaz
                                              idatzitako obra goren
                                              horretan.</p>
                                          </div>
                                          <div>
                                            <p class="ydpb6710e36yiv8641280134ydp90a30862yiv4905402902ydp80546aebyiv9592889423MsoNormal"> </p>
                                          </div>
                                          <div>
                                            <p class="ydpb6710e36yiv8641280134ydp90a30862yiv4905402902ydp80546aebyiv9592889423MsoNormal">Hori
                                              guztia horrela, IVAPeko
                                              lan horren arduradunei
                                              jendaurrean egiten diedan
                                              galdera da: zertan
                                              oinarritu zarete aipatu
                                              egitura "erabat okerra"
                                              dela esateko?</p>
                                          </div>
                                          <div>
                                            <p class="ydpb6710e36yiv8641280134ydp90a30862yiv4905402902ydp80546aebyiv9592889423MsoNormal"> </p>
                                          </div>
                                          <div>
                                            <p class="ydpb6710e36yiv8641280134ydp90a30862yiv4905402902ydp80546aebyiv9592889423MsoNormal">Esker
                                              mila.</p>
                                          </div>
                                        </div>
                                      </div>
                                    </div>
                                  </div>
                                </blockquote>
                              </div>
                            </div>
                          </div>
                        </div>
                      </div>
                    </div>
                  </div>
                </div>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    
  </div></div></div></div>
            </div>
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